diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 065376a..1dd96ad 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -49,6 +49,15 @@ The portable build creates `release/super-n2n-portable.zip`. It contains
 `n2n/edge.exe` and `n2n/supernode.exe`; on Windows Super N2N starts them with
 the relative paths `./n2n/edge.exe` and `./n2n/supernode.exe`.
 
+### Windows TAP requirement
+
+N2N uses an installed TAP-Windows virtual adapter; it does not create a new
+adapter itself. Super N2N automatically selects an available TAP-Windows
+adapter before starting Edge and reports a clear error when none is installed.
+The optional TAP device field is only needed to select a specific existing
+adapter. Connection settings, including advanced settings, are restored on the
+next application launch.
+
 ## Gitea Actions
 
 `.gitea/workflows/build-windows.yml` runs when a Release is published and uploads
diff --git a/scripts/PORTABLE-README.txt b/scripts/PORTABLE-README.txt
index 2bec63f..68a75b0 100644
--- a/scripts/PORTABLE-README.txt
+++ b/scripts/PORTABLE-README.txt
@@ -8,4 +8,9 @@ them as .\n2n\edge.exe and .\n2n\supernode.exe, so no PATH configuration is requ
 Windows WebView2 is required. It is included by default on current Windows 10 and
 Windows 11 installations.
 
+N2N requires a TAP-Windows virtual network adapter installed on the computer.
+Super N2N automatically selects an available adapter when connecting. It does
+not install or create a TAP adapter itself; install the TAP-Windows driver once
+if the application reports that no TAP adapter is available.
+
 The bundled n2n programs are distributed under n2n\LICENSE-n2n.txt.
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/lib.rs b/src-tauri/src/lib.rs
index f775308..483ffe9 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/lib.rs
@@ -75,6 +75,20 @@ struct TapTraffic {
     sent_bytes: u64,
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+struct TapAdapterRequest {
+    tap_device: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+struct TapAdapter {
+    name: String,
+    description: String,
+    guid: String,
+}
+
 fn now_epoch() -> u64 {
     SystemTime::now()
         .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
@@ -183,6 +197,65 @@ fn windows_tap_traffic(tap_device: &str) -> Result<TapTraffic, String> {
     traffic
 }
 
+#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+fn windows_tap_adapters() -> Result<Vec<TapAdapter>, String> {
+    use std::{ptr, slice};
+    use windows_sys::Win32::{
+        Foundation::NO_ERROR,
+        NetworkManagement::IpHelper::{FreeMibTable, GetIfTable2, MIB_IF_TABLE2},
+    };
+
+    fn wide_string(value: &[u16]) -> String {
+        let end = value
+            .iter()
+            .position(|unit| *unit == 0)
+            .unwrap_or(value.len());
+        String::from_utf16_lossy(&value[..end])
+    }
+
+    fn guid_string(guid: &windows_sys::core::GUID) -> String {
+        format!(
+            "{{{:08x}-{:04x}-{:04x}-{:02x}{:02x}-{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}}}",
+            guid.data1,
+            guid.data2,
+            guid.data3,
+            guid.data4[0],
+            guid.data4[1],
+            guid.data4[2],
+            guid.data4[3],
+            guid.data4[4],
+            guid.data4[5],
+            guid.data4[6],
+            guid.data4[7]
+        )
+    }
+
+    let mut table: *mut MIB_IF_TABLE2 = ptr::null_mut();
+    let result = unsafe { GetIfTable2(&mut table) };
+    if result != NO_ERROR || table.is_null() {
+        return Err(format!("unable to read network adapter table: {result}"));
+    }
+
+    let adapters = unsafe {
+        let rows = slice::from_raw_parts((*table).Table.as_ptr(), (*table).NumEntries as usize);
+        rows.iter()
+            .filter_map(|row| {
+                let description = wide_string(&row.Description);
+                description
+                    .to_ascii_lowercase()
+                    .contains("tap-windows")
+                    .then_some(TapAdapter {
+                        name: wide_string(&row.Alias),
+                        description,
+                        guid: guid_string(&row.InterfaceGuid),
+                    })
+            })
+            .collect()
+    };
+    unsafe { FreeMibTable(table.cast()) };
+    Ok(adapters)
+}
+
 #[tauri::command]
 fn start_service(request: StartRequest, state: State<'_, AppState>) -> Result<ServiceStatus, String> {
     let mut processes = state.processes.lock().map_err(|_| "process state is unavailable".to_string())?;
@@ -209,7 +282,7 @@ fn start_service(request: StartRequest, state: State<'_, AppState>) -> Result<Se
         return Err(format!("required n2n binary is missing: {}", binary.display()));
     }
 
-    let child = Command::new(relative_binary)
+    let mut child = Command::new(relative_binary)
         .current_dir(&working_directory)
         .args(&request.args)
         .stdout(Stdio::null())
@@ -217,6 +290,13 @@ fn start_service(request: StartRequest, state: State<'_, AppState>) -> Result<Se
         .spawn()
         .map_err(|e| format!("unable to start {}: {}", binary.display(), e))?;
     let pid = child.id();
+    std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(250));
+    if let Some(status) = child.try_wait().map_err(|error| error.to_string())? {
+        return Err(format!(
+            "{} exited immediately after startup with status {}",
+            request.service, status
+        ));
+    }
     processes.insert(request.service.clone(), child);
 
     Ok(ServiceStatus {
@@ -393,6 +473,47 @@ fn tap_traffic(request: TapTrafficRequest) -> Result<TapTraffic, String> {
     Err("TAP traffic monitoring is not supported on this operating system".to_string())
 }
 
+#[tauri::command]
+fn resolve_tap_adapter(request: TapAdapterRequest) -> Result<TapAdapter, String> {
+    let requested = request.tap_device.trim();
+    if requested.contains(['/', '\\']) || requested == "." || requested == ".." {
+        return Err("invalid TAP device name".to_string());
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
+    {
+        let adapters = windows_tap_adapters()?;
+        if adapters.is_empty() {
+            return Err(
+                "未找到 TAP-Windows 网卡。请先安装 TAP-Windows 驱动，然后重新连接。".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+        if requested.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(adapters.into_iter().next().expect("non-empty adapter list"));
+        }
+        return adapters
+            .into_iter()
+            .find(|adapter| {
+                adapter.name.eq_ignore_ascii_case(requested)
+                    || adapter.description.eq_ignore_ascii_case(requested)
+                    || adapter.guid.eq_ignore_ascii_case(requested)
+            })
+            .ok_or_else(|| format!("找不到指定的 TAP 设备：{requested}"));
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))]
+    {
+        if requested.is_empty() {
+            return Err("请输入 TAP 设备名称".to_string());
+        }
+        Ok(TapAdapter {
+            name: requested.to_string(),
+            description: requested.to_string(),
+            guid: String::new(),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
 #[tauri::command]
 fn firewall_status() -> Result<ToolResult, String> {
     #[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
@@ -497,6 +618,7 @@ pub fn run() {
             run_ping,
             run_tcping,
             tap_traffic,
+            resolve_tap_adapter,
             firewall_status,
             export_log
         ])
diff --git a/src/lib/tauri.js b/src/lib/tauri.js
index 7f460ec..d97c29b 100644
--- a/src/lib/tauri.js
+++ b/src/lib/tauri.js
@@ -36,4 +36,7 @@ export const checkFirewall = (fallback) => nativeCall('firewall_status', {}, fal
 export const tapTraffic = (tapDevice) => nativeCall('tap_traffic', { request: { tapDevice } }, () => {
   throw new Error('浏览器预览无法读取 TAP 流量')
 })
+export const resolveTapAdapter = (tapDevice) => nativeCall('resolve_tap_adapter', { request: { tapDevice } }, () => {
+  throw new Error('浏览器预览无法识别 TAP 网卡')
+})
 export const exportLog = (contents) => nativeCall('export_log', { contents }, () => null)
diff --git a/src/main.jsx b/src/main.jsx
index 62e4d88..2b8f565 100644
--- a/src/main.jsx
+++ b/src/main.jsx
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import {
   ArrowDown, ArrowUp, CheckCircle2, ChevronDown, CircleAlert, Gauge, Globe2, Network, Play,
   Download, Router, ScrollText, Server, Settings2, Square, Wifi,
 } from 'lucide-react'
-import { exportLog, isTauri, serviceStatus, startService, stopService, tapTraffic } from './lib/tauri'
+import { exportLog, isTauri, resolveTapAdapter, serviceStatus, startService, stopService, tapTraffic } from './lib/tauri'
 import './styles.css'
 
 const initialEdge = {
@@ -15,13 +15,39 @@ const initialEdge = {
   ip: '',
   encryptionKey: '',
   managementPort: '5644',
-  tapDevice: 'n2n0',
+  tapDevice: '',
+}
+
+const edgeConfigStorageKey = 'super-n2n.edge-config.v1'
+
+function loadEdgeConfig() {
+  const fallback = { ...initialEdge }
+  if (typeof window === 'undefined') return fallback
+  try {
+    const saved = JSON.parse(window.localStorage.getItem(edgeConfigStorageKey) || 'null')
+    if (!saved || typeof saved !== 'object' || Array.isArray(saved)) return fallback
+    for (const [field, defaultValue] of Object.entries(initialEdge)) {
+      if (typeof saved[field] === typeof defaultValue) fallback[field] = saved[field]
+    }
+  } catch {
+    // A damaged or unavailable browser store must not block the connection form.
+  }
+  return fallback
+}
+
+function saveEdgeConfig(config) {
+  try {
+    window.localStorage.setItem(edgeConfigStorageKey, JSON.stringify(config))
+  } catch {
+    // The form stays usable when the platform denies local storage access.
+  }
 }
 
 function App() {
   const [home, setHome] = useState('edge')
-  const [edge, setEdge] = useState(initialEdge)
+  const [edge, setEdge] = useState(loadEdgeConfig)
   const [edgeRunning, setEdgeRunning] = useState(false)
+  const [activeTapDevice, setActiveTapDevice] = useState('')
   const [advancedOpen, setAdvancedOpen] = useState(false)
   const [logOpen, setLogOpen] = useState(false)
   const [logs, setLogs] = useState([])
@@ -34,6 +60,10 @@ function App() {
     setLogs((current) => [{ time, level, text }, ...current].slice(0, 100))
   }
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    saveEdgeConfig(edge)
+  }, [edge])
+
   useEffect(() => {
     let active = true
     serviceStatus('edge')
@@ -47,7 +77,7 @@ function App() {
   }, [])
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    if (!edgeRunning) {
+    if (!edgeRunning || !activeTapDevice) {
       lastTapSample.current = null
       setTraffic(null)
       return undefined
@@ -57,7 +87,7 @@ function App() {
     let timer
     const poll = async () => {
       try {
-        const sample = await tapTraffic(edge.tapDevice)
+        const sample = await tapTraffic(activeTapDevice)
         const sampledAt = Date.now()
         const previous = lastTapSample.current
         const elapsedSeconds = previous ? Math.max((sampledAt - previous.sampledAt) / 1000, .25) : 1
@@ -76,7 +106,7 @@ function App() {
       active = false
       window.clearTimeout(timer)
     }
-  }, [edgeRunning, edge.tapDevice])
+  }, [activeTapDevice, edgeRunning])
 
   const updateEdge = (field, value) => setEdge((current) => ({ ...current, [field]: value }))
   const notify = (text, tone = 'error') => {
@@ -89,6 +119,7 @@ function App() {
       try {
         const status = await stopService('edge')
         setEdgeRunning(Boolean(status.running))
+        setActiveTapDevice('')
         appendLog('已断开 N2N 网络')
         notify('已断开 N2N 网络', 'neutral')
       } catch (error) {
@@ -115,12 +146,15 @@ function App() {
     }
 
     try {
+      const tapAdapter = await resolveTapAdapter(edge.tapDevice)
+      appendLog('已选择 TAP 设备：' + tapAdapter.name)
       const status = await startService({
         service: 'edge',
         binaryPath: './n2n/edge.exe',
-        args: buildEdgeArgs(edge),
+        args: buildEdgeArgs(edge, tapAdapter.name),
       })
       setEdgeRunning(Boolean(status.running))
+      setActiveTapDevice(tapAdapter.name)
       appendLog('已连接到群组 ' + edge.community, 'success')
       notify('已连接到 ' + edge.community, 'success')
     } catch (error) {
@@ -146,7 +180,7 @@ function App() {
       </div>
 
       {home === 'edge'
-        ? <EdgeHome edge={edge} updateEdge={updateEdge} running={edgeRunning} traffic={traffic} advancedOpen={advancedOpen} setAdvancedOpen={setAdvancedOpen} logOpen={logOpen} setLogOpen={setLogOpen} logs={logs} onToggle={toggleEdge} onExportLog={() => exportLogs(logs, notify)} />
+        ? <EdgeHome edge={edge} updateEdge={updateEdge} running={edgeRunning} traffic={traffic} activeTapDevice={activeTapDevice} advancedOpen={advancedOpen} setAdvancedOpen={setAdvancedOpen} logOpen={logOpen} setLogOpen={setLogOpen} logs={logs} onToggle={toggleEdge} onExportLog={() => exportLogs(logs, notify)} />
         : <SupernodeHome />}
     </section>
 
@@ -155,7 +189,7 @@ function App() {
   </main>
 }
 
-function EdgeHome({ edge, updateEdge, running, traffic, advancedOpen, setAdvancedOpen, logOpen, setLogOpen, logs, onToggle, onExportLog }) {
+function EdgeHome({ edge, updateEdge, running, traffic, activeTapDevice, advancedOpen, setAdvancedOpen, logOpen, setLogOpen, logs, onToggle, onExportLog }) {
   const toggleAdvanced = () => {
     setLogOpen(false)
     setAdvancedOpen((current) => !current)
@@ -203,7 +237,7 @@ function EdgeHome({ edge, updateEdge, running, traffic, advancedOpen, setAdvance
         {running ? '断开连接' : '连接网络'}
       </button>
 
-      {running && <TrafficStrip traffic={traffic} tapDevice={edge.tapDevice} />}
+      {running && <TrafficStrip traffic={traffic} tapDevice={activeTapDevice} />}
     </section>
 
     <div className="secondary-actions">
@@ -214,7 +248,7 @@ function EdgeHome({ edge, updateEdge, running, traffic, advancedOpen, setAdvance
         {advancedOpen && <div className="advanced-fields">
           <label><span>加密密钥</span><input type="password" value={edge.encryptionKey} onChange={(event) => updateEdge('encryptionKey', event.target.value)} placeholder="可选" disabled={running} /></label>
           <label><span>管理端口</span><input inputMode="numeric" value={edge.managementPort} onChange={(event) => updateEdge('managementPort', event.target.value)} disabled={running} /></label>
-          <label><span>TAP 设备名称</span><input value={edge.tapDevice} onChange={(event) => updateEdge('tapDevice', event.target.value)} disabled={running} /></label>
+          <label><span>TAP 设备（可选）</span><input value={edge.tapDevice} onChange={(event) => updateEdge('tapDevice', event.target.value)} placeholder="留空自动选择" disabled={running} /></label>
         </div>}
       </section>
 
@@ -323,12 +357,12 @@ function addOption(args, flag, value) {
   if (String(value ?? '').trim()) args.push(flag, String(value).trim())
 }
 
-function buildEdgeArgs(config) {
+function buildEdgeArgs(config, tapDevice) {
   const args = []
   addOption(args, '-c', config.community)
   addOption(args, '-l', config.serverHost + ':' + (config.serverPort || '7777'))
   addOption(args, '-a', config.dhcp ? 'dhcp:0.0.0.0' : config.ip)
-  addOption(args, '-d', config.tapDevice)
+  addOption(args, '-d', tapDevice)
   addOption(args, '-t', config.managementPort)
   if (config.encryptionKey) addOption(args, '-k', config.encryptionKey)
   args.push('-f', '-v', '-v')